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	<title>norms &#8211; Kapok Tree Diplomacy</title>
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		<title>International and Regional Mechanisms for Holding Human Rights Offenders Accountable</title>
		<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/international-and-regional-mechanisms-for-holding-human-rights-offenders-accountable/</link>
					<comments>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/international-and-regional-mechanisms-for-holding-human-rights-offenders-accountable/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[truepath]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Feb 2013 23:40:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Human Rights & Conflict]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Relations]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/?p=368</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[United Nations charter-based and treaty-based bodies and regional human rights, commissions, courts and councils carry the responsibility for holding both states and individuals accountable for human rights violations. The efficacy of enforcement mechanisms, or lack thereof, and the reluctance of states to part with sovereignty often serve as obstacles to the realization of effective accountability. This essay will examine the different options for holding individuals and states accountable, the processes for obtaining justice, and the remedies, sanctions and enforcement mechanisms that may result. 

The essay will explore the effectiveness, strengths and weaknesses of the processes and punishments of the UN Charter and treaty-based bodies and regional institutions. The essay will conclude that the determination of which institution is more effective depends on a variety of factors to include the nature of the violation, the type of entity being held accountable – state or individual, the political will of the states involved, the jurisdiction and enforcement options available, the sufficiency and maturity of the regional, legal infrastructure, regional perceptions of impartiality and legitimacy, and the financial and legal resources at the disposal of the judicial institution. 
]]></description>
		
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">368</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Global Integration as Seen Through the Ideological Lenses of the International Political Economy</title>
		<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/global-integration-as-seen-through-the-lenses-of-the-ideologies-of-the-international-political-economy/</link>
					<comments>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/global-integration-as-seen-through-the-lenses-of-the-ideologies-of-the-international-political-economy/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[truepath]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Feb 2013 03:43:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[International Relations]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[balance of power]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Lenin]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Susan Strang]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/?p=189</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The era of globalization has brought us unprecedented levels of economic liberalization, political upheaval, technological advances, prosperity in unlikely places and enormous flows of capital, ideas, goods and services throughout the world.  Critics point out that global integration has also created unique systemic instabilities, regional and country-based financial crises, wealth disparities, real wage stagnation, sovereignty issues and unhealthy financialization of capitalism. Not many would argue that we currently find ourselves in a significant economic downturn. What does this crisis mean for the future? This paper will explore some explanations and solutions based upon an analysis of International Political Economy (IPE) ideologies.  

Realism, Liberalism and Marxism provide us with theoretical tools to systematically sort through the phenomenon of globalization in a comparative, detailed and open-minded way that is fully aware of the underlying assumptions, values and presuppositions that govern each theory’s interpretation of what happened, where we are, and where we are going.  Robert Gilpin asserts that they are, in fact, more than theories and actually represent ideologies which “entail a total belief system concerning the nature of human beings and society” (419). They represent distinct views and core assumptions involving the main actors and their goals, the importance of politics, the ideal goals of economic activity, the nature of economic relations and the best policies for states to pursue (Gilpin 419-420). 

Using three levels of analysis, this paper will assert that although Realism, Liberalism and Marxism differ significantly in their conception of IPE and assessment of global integration, it is primarily liberal economic principles operating within a realist framework that provide the most efficient mechanism for solving complex, global financial problems and generating extraordinary opportunity, innovation and socio-economic freedom for future generations. 

The first level of analysis will examine the different conceptions of (IPE) within each ideology, delineating similarities as well as significant differences. The second level will assess the phenomenon of global integration against the backdrop of each ideology’s important beliefs and policy implications. The third level of analysis consists of an assessment of the merits and dangers of “hegemonic stability” in international trade in context to the three IPE ideologies. The paper will conclude with some final thoughts on preventing future financial crises. 

* The views and opinions expressed in this paper are completely my own and do not represent the views or opinions of the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of the Navy (DON) or any of the Armed Forces. *]]></description>
		
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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">189</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Extent That Theories of Cooperation Harmonize With Reality in Contemporary International Relations</title>
		<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/the-extent-that-theories-of-cooperation-harmonize-with-reality-in-contemporary-international-relations/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[truepath]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Jan 2013 02:15:29 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Free Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Relations]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Bruce Russett]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[complex interdependency]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[David Held]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[January 30, 2010 &#8211; Jeffrey R. Dwiggins, Copyright, Kapok Tree Diplomacy &#8211; FREE CONTENT The Extent That Theories of Cooperation Harmonize With Reality in Contemporary International Relations International relations theorists]]></description>
		
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