<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
	xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"
	
	xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss"
	xmlns:geo="http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#"
	>

<channel>
	<title>Somalia &#8211; Kapok Tree Diplomacy</title>
	<atom:link href="https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/tag/somalia/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress</link>
	<description>Exploring the conduct of international relations and the ideals of democracy &#38; individual liberty in the context of the Christian worldview.</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Thu, 20 Dec 2018 17:12:09 +0000</lastBuildDate>
	<language>en-US</language>
	<sy:updatePeriod>
	hourly	</sy:updatePeriod>
	<sy:updateFrequency>
	1	</sy:updateFrequency>
	<generator>https://wordpress.org/?v=6.4.3</generator>
<site xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">44605809</site>	<item>
		<title>To what extent is the cultivation of economic growth under Western ‘free market’ principles even possible in the developing world?</title>
		<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/to-what-extent-is-the-cultivation-of-economic-growth-under-western-free-market-auspices-feasible-in-the-developing-world/</link>
					<comments>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/to-what-extent-is-the-cultivation-of-economic-growth-under-western-free-market-auspices-feasible-in-the-developing-world/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[truepath]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Feb 2013 22:35:58 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Free Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post Conflict Reconstruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[capital account liberalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CIA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cooperation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[developing world]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[division of labor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Easterly]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic interdependence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[equilibrium]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ethnic groups]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free market]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freedom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Huntington]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[liberalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[liberty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[market-dominant majority]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marxism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[meltdown]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multilateral institutions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nondiscrimination]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[poverty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rational choice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reciprocity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[religion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rule of law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Russia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shared values]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Somalia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stabilization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state capitalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state sovereignty]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/?p=334</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Assuming that the ‘developing world’ includes the entire developing world, not just states undergoing post-conflict reconstruction (PCR), I think we must first define what Western ‘free market’ auspices are, and how might they be cultivated under Western/liberal principles.

Gilpin asserts that “Liberalism may, in fact, be defined as a doctrine and set of principles for organizing and managing a market economy in order to achieve maximum efficiency, economic growth and individual welfare” that is committed to “free markets and minimal state intervention,” “individual equality and liberty,” and the “premise … that the individual consumer, firm, or household is the basis for society” (421-422). Does this type of economy promote the stability a developing state needs?

Liberalism has its own set of empirical economic laws geared towards stability to include: comparative advantage, marginal utility, a quantity theory of money and rational choice that lead a market economy towards a “powerful tendency towards equilibrium and inherent stability” (Gilpin 422-423). ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/to-what-extent-is-the-cultivation-of-economic-growth-under-western-free-market-auspices-feasible-in-the-developing-world/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">334</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Challenges Facing Outside Actors in Balancing Punitive and Reconciliatory Measures in Nation/State-Building and the Optimum Division of Labor to Overcome Them</title>
		<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/challenges-facing-outside-actors-in-balancing-punitive-and-reconciliatory-measures-in-nationstate-building-and-the-optimum-division-of-labor-to-overcome-them/</link>
					<comments>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/challenges-facing-outside-actors-in-balancing-punitive-and-reconciliatory-measures-in-nationstate-building-and-the-optimum-division-of-labor-to-overcome-them/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[truepath]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Feb 2013 21:43:31 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[International Relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paid Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post Conflict Reconstruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[acquis communautaire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amnesty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[black market]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bosnia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bosnian War Crimes Chamber]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[brain drain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[building capacity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[capacity building]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ceasefires]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civil society development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civilians]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cold war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common national identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[confidence-building measures]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[core pillars of societal reform]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dayton Agreement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DD&R]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[demobilizing combatants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[development projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disarmament]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disarming]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[division of labor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic sanctions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[elections]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ethnic instability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU accession]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EULEX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[failed states]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fragile states]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[free trade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gbagbo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[governance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Haiti]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[host state consent]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[humanitarian assistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ICTY]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IDPs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impartiality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impunity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[infrastructure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internally displaced persons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Criminal Court]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[international organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IOs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iraq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[justice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kosovo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[legitimacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[loans and grants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mandate of neutrality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mediation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[military]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[military coup]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[militias]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[minimum use of force]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MNFs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MONUSCO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multinational forces]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nation building]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nation/state-building]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NATO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[negotiation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NGOs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-governmental organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OECD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Office of the High Representative]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OHR]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[organized crime]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peacekeeping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[police]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political institutions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political will]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[post conflict reconstruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[power-sharing agreement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[punitive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reconciliation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reconciliatory measures]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regional alliances]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regional organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reparations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[resettlement of refugees]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rule of law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rules of engagement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scarce resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social institutions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[socioeconomic framework]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Somalia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sovereignty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[state building]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[states]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Timor-Leste]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[traditional peacekeeping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trials]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tribunals partial amnesties]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truth commission]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UN Assistance Mission to Rwanda]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UN Operation in Somalia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UNAMIR]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UNOSOM II]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[victor’s justice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[war criminals]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/?p=327</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[External actors such as international organizations (IOs), regional alliances (RAs), individual states, multinational forces (MNFs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have increasingly intervened in fragile and failed states in postconflict scenarios following the end of the Cold War. The nation/state-building processes (NSB) implemented by these actors to rebuild the “socioeconomic framework of society … [to include] the framework of governance and rule of law” (Hamre &#038; Sullivan 89) attempt to strike a reasonable balance between punitive and reconciliatory measures in their efforts to rehabilitate security, political, economic and social institutions as well as establish a sense of common identity among citizens (Bercovitch &#038; Jackson 175). 

This essay will analyze NSB processes around the core pillars of societal reform necessary to prevent a return to violence in context to the following points of emphasis:

(1)	 What types of challenges do the above-listed outside actors face in striking the balance between punitive and reconciliatory measures in NSB processes?

(2)	What division of labor among IOs, RAs, states and NGOs is likely to prove most effective in meeting such challenges in the future and why? 

The posts, views and opinions expressed on this site are completely my own and do not represent the views or opinions of the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of the Navy (DON) or any of the Armed Forces. ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/challenges-facing-outside-actors-in-balancing-punitive-and-reconciliatory-measures-in-nationstate-building-and-the-optimum-division-of-labor-to-overcome-them/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">327</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Interconnectedness of Military, Political and Economic Tools in Conflict Resolution and Post-Conflict Reconstruction</title>
		<link>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/the-interconnectedness-of-military-political-and-economic-tools-in-conflict-resolution-and-post-conflict-reconstruction/</link>
					<comments>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/the-interconnectedness-of-military-political-and-economic-tools-in-conflict-resolution-and-post-conflict-reconstruction/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[truepath]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Feb 2013 20:22:08 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Free Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International Relations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Post Conflict Reconstruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[adjudication]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[African Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[and legal reform]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[arbitration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[balance-of-payments disequilibria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bosnia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[child soldiers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civil wars]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coercive diplomacy ECOWAS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cold war]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conflict]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conflict resolution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[coordination]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[core pillars of society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[corruption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dayton Accords]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[demobilization and reintegration (DDR)]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disarmament]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drug trafficking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[elections planning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Failed State Index]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[failed states]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fragile states]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gbagbo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[globalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[governance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hamas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human trafficking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[humanitarian assistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hurting stalemate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hyperinflation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[impartiality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Index of State Weakness in the Developing World]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International community]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[interstate conflicts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intractable conflict]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intrastate conflicts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Israeli-Palestinian conflict]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[justice and reconciliation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[legal reform]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[liberalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mediation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[military tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MONUC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multilateral]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nation building]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NATO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[negotiation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NGOs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nongovernmental organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Office of the High Representative]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[organized crime]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OSCE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[parallel economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peace operations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[peacekeeping]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pervasive poverty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy-makers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political power]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political regimes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[political tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[post-conflict reconstruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[power vacuum]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[preventive diplomacy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[privatization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[protracted conflict]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Provincial Reconstruction Teams]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PRTs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Red Cross]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[refugees]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regional organizations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regulatory reform]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[resource scarcity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[right of return]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roadmap to a Permanent Two-State Solution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sanctions enforcement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sexual violence]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sierra Leone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[small arms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social and economic well-being]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Somalia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[spillover]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stabilization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[strong market institutions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[task sharing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[terrorism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transitional governance assistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tribunals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[truth commissions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[weapons of mass destruction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World Bank]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/?p=321</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[For the last twenty years following the end of the Cold War, the nature of conflict has transitioned from mostly interstate conflicts to predominantly intrastate conflicts characterized by a “complex web of social, economic, cultural, political and religious factors” (Bercovitch &#038; Jackson 3). As the context underlying conflict has changed, the approaches to conflict resolution (CR) and post-conflict reconstruction (PCR) have adapted as well. Policy-makers have a variety of military, political and economic tools at their disposal to contend with the security, welfare and political representation issues resulting from fragile and failed states. 

This essay will analyze the policy tools available for CR and PCR and in so doing answer the following questions: 

(1)	 To what extent are the political, economic and military tools available to policymakers for use in conflict resolution and post-conflict reconstruction interconnected?

(2)	Has the application of such tools become considerably more challenging since the end of the Cold War? If so, how and why? If not, why not? 

Section One of the essay will provide a brief summary of how the environment of conflict has changed since the end of the Cold War. Section Two will analyze the military tools. Section Three will cover the political tools, and Section Four will address the economic tools. Section Five will include a brief summary of how these tools are interconnected, but the assertion that they are interconnected will be made in each section of the essay.  

Likewise, the question of whether the application of these tools has become considerably more challenging since the end of the Cold War may be answered in the affirmative with the how and why addressed throughout each section of the paper. Section Six will conclude the paper with a brief summary of the essay. ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://kapoktreediplomacy.com/hp_wordpress/the-interconnectedness-of-military-political-and-economic-tools-in-conflict-resolution-and-post-conflict-reconstruction/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">321</post-id>	</item>
	</channel>
</rss>
